web technologies - Alternatives to HTML for website creation? -

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it seems common aproach web design use html/xhtml & css in conjunction other technologies or languages javascript or php.

on theoretical level, i'm interested know other languages or technologies used build entire site without using single html tag or css style styling/positioning?

could website made using xml or php alone, including actual styling , positioning?

presumably flash sites till embedded in html tags?

thanks

there several solutions allow avoid css , html.

gwt: google web toolkit

written in java , allow build both server , client code in java. used build google wave.

cappuccino , objective-j:

objective-j javascript objective-c c. extends javascript many near features, including type-checking, classes , types. cappuccino cacoa (mac os x gui toolkit). using these 2 can build incredibly rich , desktop webapps. run on client side , can use whatever want on server. example 280slides

sproutcore similar cappuccino, uses pure javascript instead. apple using sproutcore make me.com.

i should mention knowledge html, css, javascript skill know, understanding compiler skill.

edit: said above adobe flash can used.


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